The Physics Of Atomic Force Microscopy - 1259 Words

Abstract Atomic Force Microscopy was the method used to analyze samples inorder to identify their surface composition and determine their top structure. Compiled data was used to calculate the roughness of the sample. Introduction Atomic Force Microscopy is a powerful tool used to identify the surface structure of a solid by contouring the top layer with a sharp tipped probe and amplifying the hills and troughs via laser reï ¬â€šection and detection. Piezoelec-tric materials are used to ï ¬ nely tune the x and y distance parameters, and a harmonic oscillator is utilized in close contact mode to move the cantilever in the z direction. A Scanning Probe Microscopy program processes the data and calculates the roughness of the sample Background Gustav Schmalz designed the first Optical Profiler in 1929 in Germany. He ran a probe attached to a cantilever across the surface, shined white light to a mirror attached to the probe, and amplified the signal to photographic film. The film was exposed to the reflected light of various wavelengths, causing multiple colors to show up on the film, corresponding to varying heights on the surface. This older design was subject to possible bending or crashing of the probe, causing a much lower resolution of the surface on the film. Refer to Figure 1.Show MoreRelatedPhysics : Atomic Force Microscopy1429 Words   |  6 PagesATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY 1. Introduction to Atomic Force Microscopy An atomic force microscope (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscope (SPM). An AFM uses a cantilever with a probe to scan over a sample’s surface. The probe is a sharp tip (3 to 6 ï  ­m pyramid; 15 to 40 nm end radius) such as the one shown in Fig. 1. As the tip of the AFM approaches the surface, at close range, attractive forces between the sample surface and the tip of the AFM causes the cantilever to deflect towards the surfaceRead MoreCopper Iron Alloy Of Different Thickness By Electrodeposition Technique1153 Words   |  5 Pagesproject, I fabricated thin films of cobalt iron alloy of different thickness by electrodeposition technique and studied the domain and dynamics of the domain walls by taking measurements from magnetic force microscopy (MFM). I measured the roughness by taking measurements from Atomic force microscopy. I characterized the films with XRD which showed the crystal structure of the film. The SEM images of Cobalt iron film exhibited nano crystallized structure and the variation of granular size as a functionRead MoreStructural And Electrical Properties Of Pva Ag Nanocomposite Films1738 Words   |  7 PagesEl-Kader *, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt ABSTRACT In the present work, PVA-Ag nanocomposite films with thickness 0.18 mm, constant silver content (0.4 wt. %) and with different time of reaction (0.1, 3, 5, 7, 9 h) were prepared by chemical reduction method. Structure, surface topology, photoluminescence and electrical properties of PVA-Ag nanocomposite were studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), electrometer, atomic force microscope (AFM)Read MoreUsing Graphene And Its Effects On The Environment2317 Words   |  10 Pages CHAPTER-3: Properties2.1. Form and structure Delocalized electrons in favor of the network. Whether it is freely suspended graphene has the inherent ripples or not been resolved Monte Carlo simulations [ and transmission electron microscopy study. The microscopic corrugations is estimated as having a transverse size of about 8-10 nm displacement height from 0.7 to 1 nm approximately. Height stacked SiO2 - subnanometer fluctuations platelet ketone graphene on a silicon substrate byRead MoreStructure, Photoluminescence And Electrical Properties Of Pva Ag2311 Words   |  10 PagesAbd El-Kader *, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt ABSTRACT In the present work, PVA-Ag nanocomposite films with thickness 0.18 mm, constant silver content (0.4 wt. %) and different time of reactions (0.1, 3, 5, 7, 9 h) were prepared by chemical reduction methods. Structure, surface topology, photoluminescence and electrical properties of PVA-Ag nanocomposite were studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), electrometer, atomic force microscope (AFM)Read MoreEnhancement Of Optical And Electrical Studies On Pva Ag Nanocomposite Films2347 Words   |  10 Pages xxxxxxxxxxx Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt ABSTRACT In the present work, PVA-Ag nanocomposite films with thickness 0.18 mm, constant silver content (0.4 wt. %) and different time of reactions (0.1, 3, 5, 7, 9 h) were prepared by chemical reduction methods. Surface topology, optical and electrical properties of PVA-Ag nanocomposite were studied using absorption spectroscopy, electrometer, atomic force microscope (AFM) and photoluminescenceRead MoreEffects Of Point And Line Defects On The Properties Of Graphene9719 Words   |  39 Pagesare inevitable at the time of production can alter the structural properties of any engineering materials. Developing graphene with specific structural properties depends upon controlling these defects, either by removing or deliberately engineering atomic structure to gain or tailoring specific properties. In the present article, a comprehensive review of defective graphene sheets with respect to its mechanical and thermal properties are presented and examined. Key Words: Graphene; point defects; lineRead MoreThe Theory Of Graphene On Science And Future Electronic Technology1905 Words   |  8 Pagesgraphene held together through weak Van der Waals forces.6 â€Å"Few-layer graphene† (very thin films of graphite, called FLG) was produced as early as 1948 by G. Ruess and F. Vogt7 but single-layer graphene, a single carbon atom thick, was not isolated successfully until 2004 at the University of Manchester by Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov.1 Their work was published in the highly influential journal Science, and was subsequently awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010, for â€Å"ground-breaking experiments regardingRead MoreThe Effect Of Carbon Nanotubes On Other Fields Of Materials Science2155 Words   |  9 Pagesof sp2 bonds, like the ones seen in graphite. This bonding structure, stronger than the sp3 bonds found in diamond, provides the molecules with their unique strength. Nanotubes naturally align themselves into ropes hel d together by Van der Waals forces. Under high pressure, nanotubes can merge together, trading some sp2 bonds for sp3 bonds, thus acquiring great possibility for producing strong, unlimited-length wires through high-pressure nanotube linking. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropesRead MoreCase Study on Future Scope of Nanorobotics in Medical Field3531 Words   |  15 PagesTechnology Management, Bhilwara 1 ABSTRACT Nanorobotics, just as with all nanotechnology is still in very early stages of development and as such is largely based within electronic engineering and physics and concerns micromachining, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)and Scanning Probe Microscopy methods. Research into any particular method for creation of nanorobots will largely depend on the group carrying out the research rather than the subject within which they are based. For instance, IBM

Buddhism and the Matrix Essay - 987 Words

The One nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the film The Matrix Keanu Reeves plays Thomas A. Anderson, who is a man living a double life. One part of his life consists of working for a highly respectable software company. The second part of his life he is a hacker under the alias quot;Neo.quot; One day Neo is approached by Morpheus (Laurence Fishburne) and is taught that everything he thought was real was actually The Matrix, a computer program developed by machines in order to use human beings as batteries. Morpheus has been searching his whole life for â€Å"the one† to end the war between the humans and machines. Morpheus feels Neo is the chosen one, the one who will set everyone free from the Matrix. Neo is reluctant to accept this†¦show more content†¦This ideal is displayed in Cypher’s attempts to return to the matrix after he was taken out of it by Morpheus. â€Å"You know, I know this steak doesn’t exist. I know that when I put it in my mouth, the matrix is tel ling my brain that it is juicy and delicious. After nine years, you know what I realize? Ignorance is bliss.† Cypher is allowing himself to give into samsara because he believes that living in samsara is superior to being enlightened. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Cypher can be seen as the one that gives into samsara while the other shipmates on the Nebuchadnezzar can be considered the enlightened ones. They can be paralleled to bodhisattvas in Mahayana Buddhism. â€Å"An advanced Bodhisattva who has experienced Nirvana does not rest content with [Samsara]. He turns again to samsara in the service of others†¦ He does this by sending forth a seemingly physical ‘mind-made body’ in which he tunes into and perceives the apparent ‘world’ of those he is seeking to aid.†(Harvey, 113) This displays how the crew views the matrix. They could remain outside the matrix as soon as they became enlightened, but instead they repeatedly enter the matrix in order to help others. This is displayed when Trinity and other crew members tracked down Neo at the beginning of the movie. They were willing to go into The Matrix to help yet another person achieve enlightenment. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;At the same time the movie displays a sense ofShow MoreRelatedMatrix Essay Matrix938 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Matrix† is an action-packed, Oscar-winning, sci-fi extravaganza starring Keanu Reeves as Neo. Buddhism is an ancient religion built on the teaching of the original Buddha with a goal to reach nirvana. On first glance these two things could not be more different from each other, or could they be? In actuality, â€Å"The Matrix† encompasses many central themes of Buddhism like freeing the mind, and uses images such as spoons and mirrors. The need to free the mind is a core element of both BuddhismRead MoreThe Matrix Is An Icon Of Popular Culture Essay1598 Words   |  7 Pages The Matrix is an icon of popular culture, with phrases referring to it permeating our day to day language. With idioms like â€Å"Glitch in the matrix† and †take the red pill† many people make reference to this (at the time) groundbreaking work of fiction in their everyday lives. However, most are ignorant of the biggest influences on the franchise as a whole. India, and more specifically Buddhism has a permeating influence on the background and the story of The Matrix trilogy. The inspiration for thisRead MoreThe Goal of Buddhism1104 Words   |  4 PagesThe goal of Buddhism is to lead a group to understand the world and the truths that surround it, but it is the goal for one person to reach full enlightenment on their own. In Buddhism it is the Buddha who is the â€Å"awakened one,† and in The Matrix, Neo, known a s â€Å"the One,† who become the enlightened beings as well as coming to understand the world as it truly is. In Siddhartha’s case, he seeks the truth about life after he is brought face to face with sickness, old age, asceticism and death. JustRead MoreAnalysis of Film The Matrix Essay1575 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Film The Matrix The Matrix, released at Easter in 1999, is both a piece of cinematic entertainment and a film portraying religious and philosophical allegories. The Matrix can therefore be viewed from two different perspectives; purely as an action film or instead on a deeper level, exploring the more insidious values hidden in the plot. As a piece of cinematic entertainment, the Matrix was a very successful film release. It contains fight scenes, chaseRead MoreThe Matrix ( 1999, Lana And Lilly Wachowski Essay1531 Words   |  7 PagesThe Matrix (1999, Lana and Lilly Wachowski) is an action filled, futuristic view of what the world would be like if artificial intelligence were to take over. The movie covers many of the issues associated with the human experience, such as gender equality, figuring out what is real versus what is an illusion created by society, and finding and then defining one’s faith. Much like every person in the world today the characters in The Matrix struggle with finding their faith, whether it be faithRead MoreBuddhism, Religion, And Religion1155 Words   |  5 PagesMany wars have been fought based on religion. Countless Disputes, debates, and lives. But, there is one religion that doesn t concern wars, or even violence. Buddhism. The question buddhism, is it a religion a philosophy has been raised so many times before, Indeed, Buddhism c an be seen within an open secret of the past two decades, in which it s played no small part: namely, more and more people are finding personal connection to the sacred, lifted up out of and beyond the Sunday pews, madeRead MoreMajor Religions Matrix805 Words   |  4 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material Major Religions of the World Matrix Complete the matrix using your textbook and outside references. | |Buddhism |Christianity |Hinduism |Islam |Judaism |Taoism and Confucianism | |Key tenets |1. The nature of suffering. |1. A belief in God - the |1. Belief in a Supreme God |Five Pillars: |1. Belief in the existenceRead MoreEssay on Buddhism1147 Words   |  5 Pages21st Century however, basic Christian values are being influenced by ‘Eastern’ religions. Buddhism, in particular, is becoming very popular in North America. What happens when a person attempts to be a Buddhist follower in a Christian society? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Long before Christian missionaries spread their word around the globe, Buddhist monks were traveling afar attracting followers. Buddhism was the worlds first missionary religion. There was no evidence that any religion beforeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Allegory Of The Cave And The Wachoskis The Matrix921 Words   |  4 Pages An old Zen Buddhism saying said that † the classic form is emptiness, emptiness is form.† Which means that the outside world without cognizance is a perpetual changeful world, our cognizance is the core of the world, which is inflected the whole nature. Sometimes we are eclipsed by our cognizance that we cannot find out the truth. We used to admit the fact in our sight that process with our cognizance, which probably is the illusory world. In addition, the people in the allegory give up to walkedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Allegory Of The Cave And The Wachoskis 912 Words   |  4 Pages An old Zen Buddhism is saying said that † the classic form is emptiness, emptiness is form.† Which means that the outside world without cognizance is a perpetual changeful world, our cognizance is the core of the world, which is inflected the whole nature. Sometimes we are eclipsed by our cognizance that we cannot find out the truth. We used to admit the fact in our sight that process with our cognizance, which probably is the illusory world. In addition, the people in the allegory give up to

The Tides a Poetry Analysis free essay sample

William Cullen Bryant created the brilliant poem, â€Å"The Tides. † This specific poem is the story of watching the tides change. Most of Bryant’s works are nature-oriented and take advantage of multiple literary terms. â€Å"The Tides† has a significant meaning, several romantic elements, and uses many literary devices. The general interpretation of â€Å"The Tides† is about what occurs when the tides change. Bryant uses great description in characterizing the violent seas at high tide. Norbert Krapf analyzed this poem and described the water becoming mysterious, not still and pond-like. Krapf 6) The poet gives the water violent characteristics. â€Å"His imagination transforms the scene into an image of limitation and imprisonment† (Krapf 7). The poem begins as a calm, serene ocean. Increasingly throughout the story, waters become more violent marking as the change of the tides from low to high. The meaning of â€Å"The Tides† can also be very deep. As the change to high tide strikes, the sea relieves its stress and releases. We will write a custom essay sample on The Tides: a Poetry Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Humans go through the exact same thing by relieving stress. Norbert Krapf also writes that â€Å"The Tides† is powerful and the sea yearns for release. (Krapf 7) William Cullen Bryant wrote â€Å"The Tides† during the Romantic Era. Bryant gave this poem many Romantic qualities. Describing the sea before and during high tide sees the attitude of â€Å"longing for the past† While the sea is becoming violent, there is a sense of the waters wanting to become as serene as they were during low tide. The â€Å"love for the natural landscape† is described throughout the entire duration of the poem. The narrator depicts a violent scene of the tides as they change into a beautiful scene of nature. Bryant depicts the beauty of the sea and his appreciation for the ocean. The â€Å"concern for individual freedom† is also a romantic attitude seen in â€Å"The Tides. † The ocean waters are described as imprisoned and wanting to relieve their stress. When the tides officially change, the sea becomes free and releases all of its stress. Many literary terms and devices are observed while reading â€Å"The Tides. † William Cullen Bryant writes this poem starting with iambic pentameter and changes to iambic tetrameter. This poem is also written in ten quatrains. The rhyme scheme ABAB is present in â€Å"The Tides. † Personification is seen many times in this poem such as in stanza eight. Bryant describes the ocean’s water as a prisoner yearning for release. Run-on lines are used throughout the poem. â€Å"And, with a sullen moan, abashed, they creep/ Back into his inner caves† (Lines 23-24) is an example of a run-on line. â€Å"The Tides convey through impressionistic imagery a desire to escape the pull of cosmic forces. † (Muller 254) Imagery is used heavily in this poem. William Cullen Bryant’s use of imagery creates a vivid picture of the tides changing. The tones of this poem are beauty, strength, violence, and serenity. The tides wish for peace and serenity, and therefore yearn for the low tide to come again. This is the theme of â€Å"The Tides. † William Cullen Bryant’s diction is seen by his very descriptive words, his rhyme scheme, and his love for nature’s beauty. The literary devices and themes, romantic elements, and general meaning of William Cullen Bryant’s poem â€Å"The Tides† characterize this time period’s writing style. Bryant creates a beautiful piece of literature that causes the reader to think about the different â€Å"thoughts† of a wave when the tides are changing. The love of nature is a romantic element that is depicted many times in this poem. This gives the poem a very Romantic feeling. The imagery Bryant uses does a brilliant job of giving the reader a depiction of the tides at its break. â€Å"The Tides† is a beautiful work by Bryant and a perfect example of a Romantic poem. Works Cited Krapf, Norbert. â€Å"William Cullen Bryant’s Roslyn Poems. † Under an Open Sky, Poets on William Cullen Bryant. New York: The Stone House Press, 1986. Muller, Gilbert H. William Cullen Bryant: Author of America. Albany: State University of New York, 2008.

Jane Ayre Analysis Essay Example For Students

Jane Ayre Analysis Essay English 360Final Draft/ Paper 1February 25, 1999Jane Eyre Analysis of NatureCharlotte Bronte makes use of nature imagery throughout Jane Eyre, and commentson both the human relationship with the outdoors and human nature. The following are examples from the novel that exhibit the importance of nature during that time period. Several natural themes run through the novel, one of which is the image of a stormysea. After Jane saves Rochesters life, she gives us the following metaphor of their relationship: Till morning dawned I was tossed on a buoyant but unquiet sea . . . I thought sometimes I saw beyond its wild waters a shore . . . now and then a freshening gale, wakened by hope, bore my spirit triumphantly towards the bourne: but . . . a counteracting breeze blew off land, and continually drove me back(Bront? 159). The gale is all the forces that prevent Janes union with Rochester. Bront? implies that Janes feelings about the sea driving her back remind her of her heart felt emotions of a rocky relationship with Rochester and still being drawn back to him. Another recurrent image is Bront?s treatment of Birds. We first witness Janes fascination when she reads Bewicks History of British Birds as a child. She reads of death-white realms and the solitary rocks and promontories of sea-fowl. One can see how Jane identifies with the bird. For her it is a form of escape, the idea of flying above the toils of every day life. Several times the narrator talks of feeding birds crumbs. Perhaps Bront? is telling us that this idea of escape is no more than a fantasy-one cannot escape when one must return for basic sustenance. The link between Jane and birds is strengthened by the way Bront? adumbrates poor nutrition at Lowood through a bird who is described as a little hungry robin. Bront? brings the buoyant sea theme and the bird theme together in the passage describing the first painting of Janes that Rochester examines. This painting depicts a turbulent sea with a sunken ship, and on the mast perches a cormorant with a gold bracelet in its mouth, apparently taken from a drowning body. While the imagery is perhaps too imprecise to afford an exact interpretation, a possible explanation can be derived from the context of previous treatments of these themes. The sea is surely a metaphor for Rochester and Janes relationship, as we have already seen. Rochester is often described as a dark and dangerous man, which fits the likeness of a cormorant; it is therefore likely that Bront? sees him as the sea bird. As we shall see later, Jane goes through a sort of symbolic death, so it makes sense for her to represent the drowned corpse. The gold bracelet can be the purity and innocence of the old Jane that Rochester managed to capture before she left him. Having established some of the nature themes in Jane Eyre, we can now look at the natural cornerstone of the novel: the passage between her flight from Thornfield and her acceptance into Morton. In leaving Thornfield, Jane has severed all her connections; she has cut through any umbilical cord. She narrates: Not a tie holds me to human society at this moment(Bront? 340). After only taking a small parcel with her from Thornfield, she leaves even that in the coach she rents. Gone are all references to Rochester, or even her past life. A sensible heroine might have gone to find her uncle, but Jane needed to leave her old life behind. Jane is seeking a return to the womb of mother nature: I have no relative but the universal mother, Nature: I will seek her breast and ask repose(Bront? 340). We see how she seeks protection as she searches for a resting place: I struck straight into the heath; I held on to a hollow I saw deeply furrowing the brown moorside; I waded knee-deep in its dark growth; I turned with its turnings, and finding a moss-blackened granite crag in a hidden angle, I sat down under it. High banks of moor were about me; the crag protected my head: the sky was over that (Bront? 340). It is the moon part of nature that sends Jane away from Thornfield. Jane believes that birds are faithful to their mates. Seeing herself as unfaithful, Jane is seeking an existence in nature where everything is simpler. Bront? was surely not aware of the large number of species of bird that practice polygamy. While this fact is intrinsically wholly irrelevant to the novel, it makes one ponder whether nature is really so s imple and perfect. .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 , .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .postImageUrl , .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 , .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054:hover , .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054:visited , .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054:active { border:0!important; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054:active , .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054 .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3685cf20e33f000951fb567276df2054:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Child Development EssayThe concept of nature in Jane Eyre is reminiscent of the majoritys view of the world: the instantiation of God. The Lord is My Rock is a popular Christian saying. A rock implies a sense of strength, of support. Yet a rock is also cold, inflexible, and unfeeling. Nature is an essential quality and a sense of inflexibility. Janes granite crag protects her without caring; the wild cattle that she fears are also part of nature. The hard strength of a rock is the very thing that makes it inflexible. Similarly, the precipitation that makes Jane happy as she leaves Thornfield, and the rain that is the life-force of everything in the heath, is the same preci pitation that led her to narrate this passage: But my night was wretched, my rest broken: the ground was damp . . . towards morning it rained; the whole of the following day was wet(Bront? 347). Just like a benevolent God, nature will accept Jane no matter what: Nature seemed to me benign and good; I thought she loved me, outcast as I was(Bront? 341). Praying in the heather on her knees, Jane realizes that God is great: Sure was I of His efficiency to save what He had made: convinced I grew that neither earth should perish, nor one of the souls it treasured(Bront? 342). Unsurprisingly, given Bront?s strongly anti-Church of England stance, Jane realizes at some level that this reliance on God is unsubstantiated: But next day, Want came to me, pale and bare(Bront? 342). Nature and God have protected her from harm, providing meager shelter, warding off bulls and hunters, and giving her enough sustenance in the form of wild berries to keep her alive. It is Janes nature, defined above as vital force, functions, or needs, that drives her out of the heath. In the end, it is towards humanity that she must turn. Nature is an unsatisfactory solution to Janes travails. It is neither kind nor unkind, just nor unjust. Nature does not care about Jane. She was attracted to the heath because it would not turn her away; it was strong enough to keep her without needing anything in return. But this isnt enough, and Jane is forced to seek sustenance in the town. Here she encounters a different sort of nature: human nature. As the shopkeeper and others coldly turn her a way, we discover that human nature is weaker than nature. However, there is one crucial advantage in human nature: it is flexible. It is St. John and his sisters that finally provide the charity Jane so desperately needs. They have bent what is established as human nature to help her. Making this claim raises the issue of the nature of St. John-has he a human nature, or is he so close to God that his nature is God-like? The answer is a bit of both. St. John is filled with the same dispassionate caring that Gods nature provided Jane in the heath: he will provide, a little, but he doesnt really care for her. We get the feeling on the heath, as Jane stares into the vastness of space, that she is just one small part of nature, and that God will not pay attention to that level of detail. St. John exhibits definitely human characteristics, most obvious being the way he treats Jane after she refuses to marry him. He claims he does not treat her badly, but hes lying to himself. That night, after he had kissed his sisters, he shrugged Jane off in a cold manner by leaving the room without speaking to her. What is important here is that St. John is more human than God, and thus he and his sisters are able to help Jane. .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 , .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .postImageUrl , .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 , .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6:hover , .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6:visited , .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6:active { border:0!important; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6:active , .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6 .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u93c29fc536b97afd64e81869e44032b6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Much Ado About Nothing: An Overview EssayFrom the womb, Jane is reborn. She takes a new name, Jane Elliott. With a new family, new friends, and a new job, she is a new person. And the changes go deeper than that. The time she spent in the heath and the moors purged her, both physically and mentally. Jane needed to purge, to destroy the old foundations before she could build anew. It is necessary to examine these scenes of nature in the context of the early to mid nineteenth-century. A significant aspect of nineteenth-century England relevant to nature in Jane Eyre was the debate over evolution versus Creationism. The evolutionary theory was being developed while people were questioning higher powers and this provided opposition for the Creationists of the first half of the nineteenth century. One of evolutions principles is survival of the fittest, and this is exactly what happens to Jane in the heath. Her old self is not strong enough, and must die. The new Jane she is forging is a product of natural selection. In fact, Jane is echoing the victory of evolution over Creation by the fact that it is humans who save her, and not God. Works Cited PageBronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Oxford World Classics. Oxford New York, 1998. Book Reports

Why I started drawing Essay Example For Students

Why I started drawing Essay The smell of vet paint, pencil shavings, and dried Elms glue rushed over me while I scanned the area for any possible friends. My eyes stopped at the class clown, Christian, sticking two crayons up his nose, ensuing the laughter Of a few other students. Next to him was Barbarian sitting quietly at the table fiddling with her pigtails. She was the closest person to a friend that I had there, and so With heavy feet dragging, made my way to sit in the blue plastic chair next to her, and waited for class to begin. Good afternoon, everyone. The room once filled with chatter and laughter fell silent instantaneously as misplaced children scrambled the room to find open seats. A tall, bald man with a speckled grey goatee walked into the room and sat at the edge of his desk pressing his hands firmly on the ends to keep his balance. My name is Mr.. Kefir. Id like to welcome you to art. Hopefully, if I do my job correctly at the end of the year youll leave this classroom an artist. He laughed, stood up, and handed everyone a white piece of blank paper and asked us all to take our time, and draw what makes us the happiest. We will write a custom essay on Why I started drawing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I sat there staring at my paper tort what felt like forever. Decided to peek over at Barbarians paper, and saw her in the process of drawing a cartoon horse with a pink crayon. Mr.. Kefir crouched down next to me, smiled, and asked me to close my eyes and think of my favorite place to be. My mind instantly imagined the thought of the tree house in my backyard. I picked my pencil up and began to drank Before knew it the bell had rang, sounds of zippers, and scooting chairs filled the room. Once again the mom began to buzz as people left for their next class. Looking at my finished paper caused a chain reaction to go off in my brain. Sparks of excitement and wonder filled my head as absorbed What I had created in that short span Of time. With a led *2 pencil, I had translated an image of my backyard onto this sheet of paper before me. Chuckled to myself in complete excitement before handing y paper to Mr.. Kefir. That afternoon as my mother picked my sister and up from school, ran up the stairs to my room and grabbed the first crumpled paper that I found in my floor, smoothed out the corners with my fingers and began to draw. I continued making lines that would curve, swirl, and zigzag all throughout until there wasnt a single corner or space available to draw on the paper. Graphite, and eraser shavings were scattered all over my desk by dinner, That following day in art, Mr.. Kefir complimented me on my drawing towards the end to class. You have talent, and it you dont mind, Id like to show it off by entering your drawing into the art contest at the middle school. He spoke so full of confidence, his smile caused his eyes to faintly crinkle at each end. Hadnt thought much about other people viewing my art before. I was always accustomed to having just my teacher or parents as the lone audience to whatever it was that had created. I agreed to his request and continued on to my next class. To my surprise, a week later had found out that placed first in the contest. Joy ran throughout my entire body, never would hue thought that meeting had resisted so strongly about could become the one thing that had turned into my own personal escape. Now live in Phoenix, Arizona. My family decided to make the big move because of job opportunities, friends, and the escape from our freezing winters. .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 , .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .postImageUrl , .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 , .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34:hover , .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34:visited , .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34:active { border:0!important; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34:active , .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34 .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0575fe56371356ac0d2c07a21f0d9b34:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drawing from what you have learnt EssayI continued my art by taking classes, drawing, painting, and sculpting just about everything, and anything that happened to pop into my head. I even entered some Of my work into a few different contests, and showings here and there. Didnt win them all, but the feeling of completing a piece of art and improving the way that I draw was the best part of it all. It was the summer before 9th grade when had decided to take a hiatus on my artwork to focus on making friends and trying out at different subjects for classes like history, and science. Deep into the school year one day, had found myself in the middle of history subconsciously drawing random sketches all over the empty spaces on my notes, would curve the end of my pencil in continuous motion until the led had worn down to nothing but a stub. My hands knew something that my mind hadnt, went home that evening, and unwrapped a brand new canvas. The fresh, all too tamari smell tilled the room as cracked my aunt bottles open and began making light strokes with a small brush. A few hours pass by before I finish. The image of a lush grassy hill filled with flowers, trees, and clouds fill my canvas, My hands are once again covered in paint; stare at them for a while before realize that havent seen them this way in almost 6 months, yet, they still oeuvre able to add detail, and portray personality throughout the entire piece. Had decided that I would go back to taking art classes. I continued taking science all through high school as well, I thought of my first art teacher, Mr.. Kefir, and the influence and encouragement that he had bestowed on me to believe in myself, and all the things that I could do. From that encouragement, have become the person that I am today. I always know that I cannot ever give up on something, even if fail the first time, and I have also learned to try the hardest the thing that scares me the most in this world, because that could very well be my biggest achievement yet. I take this knowledge with me to this day; now that am in college its the biggest advice that can give. I may major in science, but I continue to draw for myself.

Capital Punishment Essays (680 words) - Capital Punishment, Penology

Capital Punishment Essays (680 words) - Capital Punishment, Penology Capital Punishment Capital Punishment Capital punishment is a very controversial topic because of all the different perspectives it could be viewed by. Over 4,000 prisoners in the United States have been executed between 1930 and 1989. It does not seem like the best way to detter violent crimes and the courts should decide on alternative methods of punishment for serious types of offences. Politically it may seem like the right thing to do for various reasons including overcrowding of the jails; the system in the US is steadily increasing in population and the number of people that go through it. So as an effective solution to this problem, capital punishment may seem fitting. Another reason may be as a show of great authority on the government's behalf. They try to show other potential murderers what will happen to them if they commit a similar crime. This is not the way to do it though. Murder is defined as the killing of an individual intentionally and unlawfully. With every murder there is a trigger that provoked an uncontrollable anger in the aggressor. Capital punishment therefore is also murder. The murder of the convict is allowed because what he did aggrevated society. On this standpoint it does not seem that justice is being served. From a moral standpoint, using a violent method of punishment to deter violent crimes doesn't seem to fit properly. It is the same as reprimanding a child who hit someone by giving him/her a smack in the mouth. This teaches the child and the rest of the observers that hitting is ok when they are older. They don't see it as much as a punishment but as a display of power. This is a very dangerous thing to teach young children if used improperly. And there are times when parents sometimes punish the wrong child for something they did not even do. Capital punishment is also subject to error of this kind. It is almost impossible to find out the exact number of people who have been executed in the United States that were wrongfully convicted. There is also not a 100% guarantee that even 12 jururs will be able to accurately say that someone is guilty and deserving of the death penalty. Jesus tought us that killing in any way or in any form is unjustified. But not everone in the world is Catholic, or even Christian for that matter. This is why the bible should not be interpreted to fit peoples own beliefs on the issue of capital punishment. Jesus also taught us to turn the other cheek, but how is that possible in certain situations in which a persons life is taken? For someone who commited a brutal murder what would turning the other cheek do in this case? The person cannot be let free so he can build up his anger and do the same thing again to someone else. So if we cannot interpret all of Jesus' teaching then how can we only take certain parts of the bible and change then into our own beliefs as some people do. Thou shall not kill, some people in the world are bound to kill so what do we do to them? An Eye for an Eye, might mean that we should take this person and execute them, But if Jesus' teachings say otherwise then what do we make of these? This is why religion should not be interpreted into the issue of capital punishment. Capital punishment can be a dangerous instrument to our society. There have been many cases where justice was not served. Since capital punishment is liable to be abused by faulty humans, it should not be considered a valid form of punishment. We should not look at it from a religious point of view or by what was done in the past but only by observing our present day, Modern, Civilized society and determine a more effective means of dealing with these crimes other than death because in our modern world we are no longer barbarian cavemen, we are considered civilized.

Types of Convergent Plate Boundaries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Types of Convergent Plate Boundaries - Essay Example In a continental collision, the subducting plate is usually a plate with the oceanic crust that moves beneath the other plate with oceanic crust, therefore, moving beneath the other plate which can be made of either oceanic or continental crust. It is evident that during collisions between two continental plates large mountains ranges such as the Himalayas Mountains are made in the process. There are three types of convergent boundaries that can be subdivided into subduction and non-subduction. During the subduction types, there are two plates that the meet, the denser, cooler and heavier plate will dive below the lighter. The most floating plate one as it gets deeper into the mantle it then melts and creates a new magma (Ernst, 325-330). In this convergent boundary, two plates meet with the oceanic crust colliding, the one plate will be denser and heavier than the other, therefore, making it subduct. After the creation of the new magma, it then rises to the surface and pokes through the ocean surface as a submarine volcano. Connectively continuing eruptions will form a larger seamount where more and more eruptions will then eventually create a dry volcanic island in the ocean floor that will continue to erupt and build as long as it has a continued magma source. There is the presence of water in the rocks of the oceanic plate since they are made under the water in the oceanic floor. As the plate moves further down into the subduction zone more water contained in the plate is then squeezed out from the rocks when the plate begins to subduct. Nevertheless, the recrystallization of ocean floor rocks such as the serpentine that is unstable in the upper mantle recrystallizes forming olivine, causing dehydration through a loss of hydroxyl groups. In this case of oceanic-oceanic collision, the made magma will be mafic in nature with high iron and magnesium low silica making it very viscous. This result to shield volcanoes, due to this activity along an entire plane many volcanoes are made hence having a volcanic island and an arc of the chain of volcanoes.  

Collective Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Collective Security - Essay Example To preserve peace after World War I the League of Nations was created in 1920 and the principle of collective security was adopted. . It entails that all members have to accept and obey the rules of international law which forbid any process of employing violent behavior within the group (Stromberg, 2008, p. 1). Three important agreements have been made in this context, those are, The RIO in 1947, NATO in 1949 and WARSAW in 1955, pledging each member to avoid belligerence against each other. (Ishay, 2004, p. 225) The concept of collective security seems to be of major importance in the study of international relations and worldwide politics but the application of the concept in practice has achieved little success. It now suffers a mottled status in the context of international relations. Its significant collapse as exposed by the League of Nations is the focal representation left to the world since 1930. The eternal squabbling and ineffective pretentiousness of the United Nations throughout the Cold War period additionally disgraced the idea of collective security. (Kaloudis, 1998, P.1) As stated by James E. Goodby, in terms of international relations and politics, what seem to work in the past were collective defense alliances like NATO assurance to protect each associate state from exterior hostility.

HRD 495 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

HRD 495 - Essay Example Fourth is being a capacity builder in order to do culture and capability audits of the organization. Fifth is being a strategic positioner which involves constructing HR reactions that are in line with the external requirements (Jackson, Schuler & Werner, 2012). With the changes in the nature of business, there has been a refocusing and expanding in HR roles. In order to meet the expectations of organizations, senior HR leaders have to react by recognizing and acquiring the competencies necessary for their dynamic functions. The major additional competencies required by senior HR leaders are leading change, strategic thinking and effective communication. Strategic human resource management is formulated to aid companies in meeting the various needs of their employees while also promoting company goals. SHRM is a component that is valuable in ensuring organizational success as it helps in attaining a competitive edge as pertains to flexibility, cost and quality. It is therefore necessary for SHRM to include the individuals that the organization is involved in business with. It is through them that sustainability can be attained by creating values that could not be implemented by indirect and direct competitors. Organizational success could also be attained by continuous investment by an organization in its image or reputation, emphasizing on the need for sound HR practices and policies and adjusting them with the business strategies through SHRM. Therefore, SHRM is not merely a strategy that is centered on the organization’s human aspect but is a holistic approach which builds on the human asset as value-creating factors (Ivan cevich, 2010). It is an employer’s aim to hire the best person for a particular job irrespective of their age. There have been a lot of misconceptions regarding hiring older workers pertaining to productivity, health, up-skilling, and blocking

Socioeconomic Determinants Of Health

Socioeconomic Determinants Of Health 1.1 Explain the effects of socioeconomic influences on health Recent evidence suggests that the health of the population in the United Kingdom continues to improve. However, despite this many people will experience an inequality in terms of their health and the chance of living in good health is unequally distributed within society (House of Common Health Committee 2009). Socio-economic status is one of the most important determinants of health and the link between this and health is widely accepted (NPHS 2004). Differences in health by social class was examined by the Black Report (1980), which investigated the problem of health inequalities in the UK and found that people of lower economic status were far more likely to experience ill-health and premature death than those of higher socio-economic status. The report concluded that despite the improvement in the overall health of the population, the improvement had not been equal across the social classes and that the health gap between lower and higher social classes was widening. This was supported by the Health Divide (1987) and the Acheson Report (1998), which mirrored the findings of the Black Report. Report findings suggested there was a direct correlation between socio-economic class and health and the likelihood of developing health problems such as coronary heart disease, strokes, lung cancer and respiratory diseases was far higher in the lower social classes. The aim of this essay is to discuss the unequal distribution of health within society; this will be achieved through the examination of the incidence of coronary heart disease within a lower socio-economic group. This subject has been chosen because it is of particular relevance within some of the most deprived areas of Wales and accounts for a large proportion of deaths. A further aim of the essay will be to identify and discuss the factors that influence health across a persons lifespan. Psycho-social influences on health will be discussed along with the direct and indirect influence they have on the health of a person. An analysis of pertinent social policy will be provided together with the relevant public health policies that have been developed to tackle the problem of health inequalities. Finally the role of the nurse and the multi-disciplinary team in improving health inequalities will be considered. In order to achieve these aims it is important to fully understand what is m eant by health and the term health inequality. The Biomedical model defines health as the absence of disease and focuses on the eradication of disease and illness through diagnosis and effective treatment. The state of health is determined by assessing whether or not a disease is present and is driven by the belief that cures for diseases need to be found in order for people to be considered healthy (Bury 2005). Despite often being considered to present a negative view of health it is the most prevalent model used in Western society. When people are feeling unwell it is the medical professions opinion that is sought and the primary concern of the is the treatment of disease and prevention of illness. Symptoms of illness are considered to have an underlying pathology in this model and this pathology can, although not always successfully be treated or restored thus leading to re-instated health (Morrison and Bennet 2009). However this model fails to recognise other factors that influence health. In contrast the social model of health defines health and illness from an individuals perspective and their functioning in society. Rather than merely considering biological or physiological changes, it regards disease as being a result of the interaction of biological, psychological and social conditions (Brannon and Feist 2007). It emphasises that changes can be made in both the individuals lifestyle and in wider society in order to improve health. In comparison with the World Health Organisations definition, health should not be viewed merely in terms of the presence or absence of disease but consideration must be given to the overall state of a persons physical, social and mental well-being (WHO 1948). The social model of health considers other important influences that impact on the individuals health and recognises that health does not only result from biological and genetic processes but that it is a state of positive well-being influenced by the wider social and economic cond itions in which we live (Farrell et al 2008). Consideration of other factors that influence and determine health allows for a better understanding of why some people have better health than others. It also provides a broader understanding of the determinants of health, which in turn allows for identification of the factors which influence health either in individuals or within particular groups in society and goes some way to explaining why inequalities in health persist. Health inequality was highlighted by the publication of the Black Report in 1980, showing that there was a direct correlation between socioeconomic status and health (Bartley 2004). It refers to the unequal distribution of health between social groups that is distinguished by the unequal structures of which the group is a part (Graham 2007). Health inequalities are random, perceived to be unfair and rather than being a result of biological processes are socially produced (Whithead and Dalgren 2006), generated by the social conditions in which people live (Farrell et al 2008) and refers to the systematic differences in the health of groups that occupy unequal positions in society (Graham 2007) and refer to a particular type of difference in health whereby disadvantaged groups experience worse health and greater risks to their health than less disadvantaged groups (Braveman 2006). Health inequalities are avoidable but are determined by the political, social and economic influences on the conditions in which people live, grow and work (CSDH 2008). They are a result of a wide range of complex influences and those people who are the most socio-economically deprived are the most likely to suffer ill health in all stages of life and premature death (Townsend Davidson 1988). An example of this can be seen in the incidence of coronary heart disease and the contributing factors which influence this disease particularly amongst those within the population who are the most socioeconomically deprived. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a disease of the blood vessels supplying the heart. Coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked with deposits of fatty materials or cholesterol (atheroma), thus reducing the blood supply to the heart. This deprives the heart of oxygen, causes angina, arrhythmia and can lead to coronary thrombosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction and/or sudden death (National Assembly for Wales 2001). Despite it being a largely preventable illness and leading cause of death in the UK, it still accounts for over 6000 deaths per year in Wales (NPHS 2006). Although the incidence has been falling over the past few decades, figures show that Wales still has a higher incidence of the disease than England and that in areas of high deprivation such as the South Wales valleys the incidence of CHD is at least a third higher than in more affluent areas (Cardiac Disease NSF for Wales 2009). Mortality rates for CHD show that Wales has a higher rate than the UK average and that areas within Wales with the highest rates are mainly in the South Wales valleys, with Blaenau Gwent and Merthyr Tydfil having rates significantly higher than the national average (NPHS 2006). Some of this may be linked to access to services, in particular angiograph and revascularisation. While the hospital admission rates for coronary heart disease is higher than the national average in areas of low socioeconomic status such as Blaenau Gwent and Merthyr Tydfil, admissions for angiography and revascularisation is lower among these areas (NPHS 2006). There are many factors that contribute to the incidence of CHD, some of which cannot be changed such as increasing age and genetic disposition. However many social influences such as tobacco use, diet, physical activity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, use of alcohol and drugs, and stress which contribute to the disease can be modified. Incidence of CHD can also be linked to poverty, low educational status and poor mental health (depression) (WHO 2006b). Exposure to unequal health risks begins before conception and continues through all development stages through to adulthood and leaves the individual vulnerable to a range of disease that includes CHD. (Graham 2004). Environmental conditions such as work environment, income and housing in adulthood contribute to health inequalities and have as much of an impact in determining future health and premature death childhood disadvantage (Kuh et al 2003). Increased behavioural risks in adulthood contribute to CHD and as the incidenc e increases in the lower socioeconomic groups so do the associated risk factors. Those living in deprived areas are far more likely to smoke, eat a poor diet and take part in less than the recommended amount of physical exercise. These behaviours also increase the risk of high blood pressure, high cholesterol and stress, which are associated with the development of CHD (NPHS 2004) Tobacco use is a contributory factor in the development of CHD and the prevalence of smoking among the lowest socioeconomic groups in the UK is approximately 45% of men and 33% of women in the highest social class being smokers compared to 15% and 14% respectively in the lowest social class (Richardson and Crosier). In Wales is estimated that 17% of deaths from heart disease can be attributed to smoking (Cardiac Disease NSF for Wales 2009). Whilst the prevalence of smoking continues to decrease it is still a major problem, the 2008-09 Welsh Health Survey showed that 25% of men and 23% of women were smokers. However in areas with low socio economic status and high deprivation such as Blaenau Gwent and Merthyr Tydfil the number of people who smoked was higher with the percentage of smokers being 30% and 31% respectively (Welsh Health Survey 2007-08). Another contributory factor in the development of CHD is nutrition; diet plays an important role in the development of heart disease with the consumption of fat being linked to coronary heart disease and high salt intake being linked to high blood pressure which is a contributory factor to CHD. While eating 5 or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day can reduce the risk. Despite this intake of fats and salt is higher in Wales than is recommended (Cardiac Disease National Service Framework) and the number of people who consume the recommended amount of fruit and vegetables is only 36%. As with tobacco use these figures decreases in areas of low economic status; with 30% in Merthyr Tydfil and only 28% in Blaenau Gwent consuming the recommended daily amounts. (Welsh Health Survey 2007-08). As well as having a high intake of fats and salt people in low socio-economic groups are also far more likely to consume a diet with poor nutritional value which can result in individuals becoming overweight or obese. The highest proportions of people who are overweight or obese are again in areas of low socioeconomic status. As with other risk factors areas such as Blaenau Gwent and Merthyr Tydfil the number of people who are overweight living in these areas is above the national average for Wales (NPHS 2006). While the national average was reported as being 54.1% in 2006 (NPHS2006), the more recent Welsh Health Survey 2007-08 shows that this figure has increased to 57%, with Blaenau Gwent and Merthyr Tydfil being above the average with it being reported that 64% and 59% respectively being overweight or obese in these areas. Physical activity can contribute to an improvement in physical and psychological quality of life, whereas physical inactivity is a risk factor associated with coronary heart disease and high blood pressure (DoH 1993). The recommended guideline for exercise is 30 minutes of moderate intensity 5 days per week, however only 29% of the Welsh population reported that they achieved this. In areas of low socioeconomic status Blaenau Gwent and Torfaen reported lower than average figures, however Merthyr Tydfil was above the Welsh average. Physical inactivity in the female population is lower than that of males and this trend appears at an early age (NPHS 2006). Other factors such as high blood pressure, high levels of cholesterol, use of alcohol and drugs and stress all contribute to CHD and can be a result of factors such as poor diet, smoking and reduced levels of physical activity. While some individuals may be genetically predisposed to developing CHD for others personal will have a direct bearing on their future health. Individual personality and how much control they feel they have over their own health influence the choices made. Those people who belief they control outcomes (internal locus of control) are far more likely to be able to modify their behaviour to improve future health. Whereas those who beliefs health outcomes are firmly controlled by powerful others (external locus of control) are more likely to continue risk taking behaviour (Lefcourt 1982). Nurses can make an invaluable contribution to the reduction of health inequalities through their ability to work with the public to influence behaviour change within the scope of health promotion work. Health promotion allows the nurse opportunity to target vulnerable populations, to promote health in a positive way, to give clients the health information that allows them to make informed decisions about their health and prevention of illness, enhancing the individuals ability to play a key role in their own health (Webster and Finch 2002 in Scriven 2005).and is an area in which the nurse or healthcare professional plays a key role (WHO 1989). Health promotion work although being a key role for nurses does not lie solely within the domain of health and to achieve the ultimate aim of tackling inequalities there needs to be partnership work with a range of healthcare professionals such as health visitors and dieticians as well as other professionals working in related fields such as sm oking cessation. In order for it to be completely successful a multi-disciplinary approach is advocated with the need to tackle other health determinants simultaneously being paramount (RCN 2007). Health inequalities are often a consequence of lifestyle choices and behaviours, with development of illness and disease is the result of many factors. In order to make changes to the most socioeconomically deprived people in society, work needs to be focused on behaviour change and lifestyle choices (Welsh Assembly Government 2002). Publication of reports such as the Black Report, Health Divide and Acheson Report highlighted the severity of the problems facing the health of society and it is from here that government interventions and public health policies are produced. Publication of the Black Report highlighted the inequalities in health that were present in UK society. The report concluded that health was directly linked to social class and the chance of living a healthy life decreased in lower social classes. It showed that while the health service could play a part in reducing health inequalities measures to reduce socioeconomic differences in income, environment, poor housing, low education standards and unemployment should have a greater importance. It contained 37 recommendations concerned with improving the life of the poorest members of society, particularly children and those with disabilities (Acheson 1998). Recommendations focused on two main areas. It proposed the government should adopt a policy aimed at reducing child poverty in the UK and more money should be spent on health education and the prevention of illness (Townsend Davidson1988). However government at the time criticised the report, arguing that it did not explain health i nequalities and that increased expenditure on the health service would not make a difference to standards of health. Despite this the report was influential in public health debates and research and influenced the decision by the WHOs European region to agree a common health strategy in 1985 (Acheson 1998). Further reports in 1987 (The Health Divide) and 1998 (Acheson report) drew similar conclusions as the Black Report. The Health Divide argued that socio economic circumstances where a major factor in health inequalities and subsequent health and that the gap between health standards and social class had increased since the publication of the Black Report (Whitehead 1987). The 1997 new Labour government set up an inquiry into health inequalities, signalling that the alleviation of inequalities in health was of primary importance. (Marmot 2004).The result of this inquiry was the publication of the Acheson Report, which found that inequalities in health persisted and mirrored the findings of both the Black report and the Health Divide. It concluded that in order to improve health the gap between rich and poor must be reduced and that health inequalities begin before birth. It recommended that high priority should be given to policies aimed at improving health and reducing inequalities in health particularly in respect of children, women of child bearing age and expectant mothers and health policies that have a direct or indirect effect of health should be evaluated. Additionally the report made 37 further recommendations directed across all governmental departments and called for development of policies that sought to reduce inequalities in health (Acheson 1998). In the context of Wales, the Welsh Assembly Government has publicised a number of policies and documents seeking to address the issues of health inequalities. In 1998 Better Health; Better Wales highlighted and described health inequalities which exist in Wales and in 2001 it set out its long term plan to improve the nations health. Improving Health for Wales: a Plan for the NHS with its Partners (2001) set the scene for the NHS over a ten year period. Its main objectives were to make further improvements in health maintenance, provide a significant contribution to health improvements in the populations health and to tackle health inequalities. The Well-being in Wales consultation document in 2002 emphasised that health was the responsibility of everyone not only of the government. This idea of a shared responsibility was reinforced in the 2003 Review of Health and Social Care in Wales, which showed long-term demand for health and social care was unsustainable and there needed to be a greater emphasis on the prevention of ill health and individuals should be held responsible for their own health. This led to the development of Health Challenge Wales, which signposts members of the public to information and activities to improve their own health. In 2005 publication of Designed for Life, a 10 year commitment of creating world class health and social care in Wales built on the work which had been undertaken in 2001. One Wales (2007) upholds the Assembly Governments commitment to improving health and well-being in particular the poorest, most vulnerable members of society. The status of the health of the population varies considerably and the correlation between socioeconomic status and health has been proven in various reports. Health problems such as CHD that are more prevalent in low socioeconomic groups are further exacerbated by associated risk factors that are more prevalent in these groups. Various reports have highlighted these inequalities and concluded that despite being avoidable, inequalities in health exist and are a result of political, social and economic influences. The Welsh Assembly Government in its strategies has recognised the unsustainability of long term health and social care and that there is a need for individuals to take responsibility for their own health. Health promotion work undertaken by nurses is a key role in promoting health and providing the public with information that allows them to make positive lifestyle choices and change behaviour to improve future health. While this is an important area, health inequalities wi ll not be eradicated within the domain of health; it is vitally important that all government departments develop policies that aim to tackle the risk factors.

Ottoman Architecture Essay -- Art, Islamic Architecture

There are few things that actually do last. Legends, arts, beliefs, and architecture are among the few that actually do last. Architecture can be defined as a practice of constructing and designing a building project. However, the Islamic architecture has a distinctive range of both religious and secular styles that have been influenced by the Islamic culture. Furthermore, The structure of Islamic architecture that is used in mosques, tombs, palaces and fountains is unavoidable in sight. The relationship between early Islamic architecture and modern foundation of construction provides a penetrating overview of encompass of Islamic culture in Iran, Tunisia, India, and Turkey. However, Turkey was such a desirable region and preserved of the astonishing site of the structural design of the Ottoman Empire. Originally, the incredible mosques in Turkey have emerged from the wonders of Islamic art such as Suleimaniye Mosque. The sense of gorgeous decoration and quotations from the Quran on the mosque’s interior walls is typically Islamic. The marvelous design of the Ottoman architectural design persists its flourishing in the present day with a combination of luxury and modern art. One of the best examples in modern life is Zabeel Saray Hotel in Dubai, which has the perfect harmony between the old Ottoman architecture and modern luxurious hotel. As the Ottoman Empire emerged, it brought up its own distinctive touch on culture from literature, art, music and most importantly architecture. Ottoman architecture is considered a blend of Islamic Mamluk traditions, Byzantine architecture as well as Iranian architecture. Building techniques at that time were very advanced, architects were able to balance between inner and outer spaces in a... ...nd Polyurethane (a substance made from the foam of sea salt) ( Jumeirah organization, 2001). At the hotel entrance, a â€Å"Tughra† which is a symbol of an ottoman power was used as a part of an exterior design. Moreover, Jumeirah Zabeel Saray is a multifunctional hotel it consist of 10 restaurants, bars, 12 boutiques, conference rooms, Mehteran Theatre, and Talise Ottoman Spa that includes a relaxation area and a Turkish hammam ( Jumeirah organization, 2011). As Mahgoub (2009) mentioned,† that air conditioned and glass covered buildings are considered symbols of modernity and civilization†. Modern buildings have advanced safety measures that were not available during the Ottoman Empire. Such as fire staircase, fire extinguishers and emergency exits. As a result, modern and old traditional architecture are combined to satisfy the demand of both new and old generations.

Felkris Alumni Tracer Essay

Situation Analysis Every year students were graduating in Felkris Academy. As they graduate, they leave their school; others might have no longer updates regarding their school for they are now in abroad for their work. As students, they still want to keep in touch with their alma mater. It is really difficult for the school to search for their graduates for they are scattered to the different parts of the world. That is why we have what we call alumni association. Alumni Association was founded to promote fellowship among graduates, former students, faculty and staff members of Felkris Academy for its development and well being as an educational institution. It is founded to provide support service to the school, and one thing more is that the alumni will be a great source for fund raising of the school for the benefit of the students in the form of scholarship funds. So tracking of the graduates is important. Tracking can provide concrete evidence that will enable the boards and the wider public to evaluate a school’s most important product–its graduates–in important ways. For easy access to the graduates of the school, the researchers are to study a web-based tracking system for Felkris Academy. It is web-based so that it is easy for the graduates and the school to have communication with each other anytime and everywhere in the world. Every graduate can still be updated to what is happening to their school, how far did the developments have undergone after they left the school, the academic status and many more by accessing the system through the web. The reasons for maintaining contact with alumni include networking for current students to obtain internships and professional positions, meeting requirements for accrediting agencies, and determining how well the program prepared the graduates for their professional careers. In order to strengthen graduates’ ability to move theory into practice, graduate programs need to stay current on professional practices. To determine what current practices are and to aid in evaluation and planning, documented information should be obtained from both alumni and professional organizations. Conceptual/Theoretical Framework In this era, where advancement is become the part of the each and every field of life and time become the one of the important element of the success we want to do things or everyday jobs with more fatly as ever. Here role of information system can’t be ignored doing things faster, doing things better, and doing thinks smarter these all traits are possible just because of two words, Information system. Alumni Tracking System is one of the examples of information system. To get contact with the old students and to provide the assistance to this old student for their future progress in all field of life and maintain the record of the passing out students. Alumni Tracking System helps to do what is mention above. According to Quimbita, Grace,1989-09-00 from ERIC Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges Los Angeles CA. Student tracking systems enable increasing numbers of community colleges to respond to external demands for accountability with tangible measurements of student progress and institutional outcomes. Several recent trends have prompted interest in monitoring student progress throughout college and into their professional lives. Bers (1989) argues that increasing emphasis on marketing, accountability, communication with students, and internal competition for students all serve as catalysts for the development of tracking systems. Bers identifies six stages in the student flow process that should be monitored by a student tracking system. Awareness–In this stage, the prospective student learns about the college for the first time. Mass mailings to homes or businesses, advertisements in the media, and public information sessions are useful in making potential students aware of the college. Inquiry–Mechanisms for maintaining personalized contact with prospective students should go into effect as soon as the individual makes the first inquiry about the college. The individual’s name, social security number, and program interests should now be on record. Entry–This stage involves formal application, admission, first-time registration and enrollment, and increasingly, assessment tests, orientations, and advisement. Experience–Most tracking efforts currently concentrate on this stage, gathering information on students as they take courses, fulfill prerequisites, pass, fail, or withdraw from courses, take advantage of support services, and work toward their goals. Completion–At this stage, students leave the college with or without achieving their educational goals. Follow-Up–Because community college students commonly stop in and out, alumni can also be considered an important pool of prospective students. Maintaining contact with alumni after they have left the college is important in evaluating educational outcomes in terms of employment or transfer experiences, and attracting former students back to the college. Tracking systems can be developed for practically any stage in the student flow process. Cochise College in Arizona has a tracking system within its admissions office that monitors the awareness, inquiry and entry stages (Barrett, 1989). The Los Angeles Community College District in California and Arapahoe Community College in Colorado each have tracking systems which focus on basic skills assessment and monitor the entry, experience, and completion stages (Voorhees and Hart, 1989). Additionally, tracking designs are possible for underprepared students (Smittle, LaVallee, and Carman, 1989) and other special groups, such as displaced homemakers, single parents, learning disabled, and hearing impaired (Gay and Boukouvalas, 1989). Research Paradigm Input ProcessOutput I. ICT Resources of Felkris Academy a. The researchers intended to develop a web-based system in tracing the graduates. Particularly, this study will be significant for the graduates of Felkris Academy. It helps the graduates to be still connected with their graduate school for long term mutual benefits then to their fellow graduates as well and to remain the part of their school even after the study likewise with the teachers. Moreover, this study will help the graduates to still notify or be updated to the some important events of the school and also can participate in the seminars, academic and extra curriculum activities so that alumni knowledge remains up to date. Statement of the Problem This study aims to answer these questions: 1. What can be done to make alumni participation/involvement easier? 2. How can we keep a current database of the alumni? 3. How to maintain continuous contact with alumni? Definition of Terms Beta Testing – the second phase of software testing in which a sampling of the intended audience tries the product out. Hardware – is a general term for the physical artifacts of a technology. It may also mean the physical components of a computer system, in the form of computer hardware. Software – refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of a computer for some purpose. System Implementation – The installation of a computer system or an information system. The use of software on a particular computer system. Tracking System – is generally a system capable of rendering virtual space to a human observer while tracking the observer’s body coordinates. Web-based – refers to those applications or services that are resident on a server that is accessible using a Web browser and is therefore accessible from anywhere in the world via the Web.

Free Speech at Shopping Centers essays

Free Speech at Shopping Centers essays I. Thesis Statement ..................................................................... 1 II. Shopping Centers Definitions ................................................................... 1-2 Definitions .................................................................. 2 Regional Shopping Centers ............................................... 2-3 Pruneyard v. Robins ...................................................... 4-5 NJ Coalition Against War in the Middle East v. J.M.B. Realty .... 5-6 Industry Reaction ......................................................... 7-9 Litigation ................................................................... 9 VIII. Conclusion .......................................................................... 9-10 Is an individuals right to freedom of speech, as granted by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, valid on private property, which is owned by someone else? Specifically, can an organization not associated with a shopping center use the shopping centers property to promote their cause? The U.S. Supreme Court has left the answer to this question up to the individual states. The majority of states, to date, have answered no; however, several states, most notably California and New Jersey, have answered yes. What is the basis for each States decision and how do these decisions affect the shopping center industry? In order to understand how the courts decisions affect the shopping center industry, we must first understand what a shopping center is and who the organizations are. As referred to in the two most notable court cases, Pruneyard v. Robins (Pruneyard) and NJ Coalition Against War in the Middle East et al. v. J.M.B. Realty Corp. et al. (JMB), a [regional] shopping center is defined as one that is between 300,000 square feet and 1,000,000 square feet in size and...

Secure and Sure

Secure and Sure Secure and Sure Secure and Sure By Mark Nichol Secure and sure, along with a handful of other words originating from those terms, share an etymology. These words are listed and defined in this post. The parent word is the Latin adjective securus, meaning â€Å"free from care or danger.† (The first element, se, means â€Å"free from† and is seen in secret, and the second is a form of cura, which means â€Å"care† and is the source of cure.) Secure is both an adjective meaning â€Å"safe† or â€Å"fixed in position† and a verb meaning â€Å"to make safe or fixed.† The noun form is security, extending in meaning to refer to a financial asset or document. The antonymic forms are insecure and insecurity, which also pertain to self-doubt; secure and security are also used in psychological contexts. Sure, from securus by way of Old French, means â€Å"confident,† â€Å"firm,† or â€Å"reliable† or, informally, is a substitute for certainly or â€Å"don’t mention it† in response to a request or an expression of gratitude; the antonym, in the more formal senses, is unsure. Idioms with sure as a foundation include â€Å"for sure† (â€Å"certainly† or â€Å"without a doubt†) â€Å"sure enough† (â€Å"certainly†), â€Å"sure-footed† (â€Å"confident in movement†), â€Å"sure thing† (â€Å"certainly†), and â€Å"to be sure† (â€Å"admittedly†). â€Å"Sure thing† is also an idiomatic noun phrase pertaining to someone or something that is certain to succeed; the phrase â€Å"sure bet† is synonymous. A surety is a guarantee, and insurance refers to a guarantee of protection or safety. Assurance can also refer to a guarantee (including, in British English, what is referred to in American English as insurance in the sense of a contract guaranteeing protection against loss), but it also pertains to security or to confidence (as well as overconfidence). The noun ensurance is obsolete. Although there is some overlap in the meanings of these words’ verb forms, most writers observe the following distinctions: to assure is to convince, to ensure is to guarantee, and to insure is to make certain or safe. Meanwhile, reassure means â€Å"assure again† or â€Å"restore confidence,† while reinsure means â€Å"insure again†; there is no equivalent prefixed form of ensure. Similarly, one can be (better yet, remain) unassured and can be or remain uninsured, but unensured is rare. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:5 Uses of InfinitivesUse a Dash for Number RangesHonorary vs. Honourary

The Propper Sexual Relationship Between Members of the Hebrew Society Essay

The Propper Sexual Relationship Between Members of the Hebrew Society - Essay Example The Shulamite woman goes out into the city to look for her lover and it is not indicated anywhere that the two of them could be married. There is openness about sexual relations that are in the Song of Songs that seem to be forbidden in the Deuteronomy (International Version, 2011). First, in Deuteronomy, the man is given so much importance rather than the female. The female expresses her desires openly while this is almost forbidden in Deuteronomy. Deuteronomy advocates for sexual modesty. Deuteronomy 25;11-12 says that "if two men fight and a wife belonging to one party come to the rescue her beloved husband from the wrath of his assailant. She then reaches out and, unfortunately, seizes him by his private parts then her hand should be cut off and be shown no pity. In songs of songs, the stalagmite expresses her desires openly without any shame. The man is of more importance while sexual encounters in Deuterostome and the woman is considered as an object who must obey the man and do as he wishes without any regard for her feelings or desires. Avoiding mentioning the woman opinion is made. In the Song of Songs, however, the woman is very open about her feelings and might be considered very wild and probably unsuitable for marriage in the traditional Hebrew comm unity. The Shula mite goes in search of her lover when he disappears.

Mobile investigation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mobile investigation - Essay Example In modern age this process is in used across the globe in almost every country without acceptable regard for legitimate defenses, legal oversight, or accountability. In this paper the main focus is on to find out the answer regarding the investigation carried out by the police against Donald Dodger. The investigation was carried out against his alleged involvement in the stalking activities of a student from Granglian Busking University (ACLU, n.d.). Who is available of the SIMM card or phone memory as Mobile Contacts? From the investigation carried out by the police department of his mobile location as well as the call details, there is a clear indication about the people with whom he is in touch on a regular basis. According to the data available from the analysis of his mobile records, the contacts he has are as follows: Angila Ruskin, Adriana Weeks, Jenny Jones, Stella-Foster Artois. The entire detail is available on the detail call list to which number he has made calls or sends sms. Who has been called from this phone in the past three months multiple times? From the analysis of call record it is very clear that the maximum call in last three months was made to one single number of Adriana Weeks. The number is 07826654040. The call details also suggest that total number of calls made to this number is 10 out of11 calls along with 17 sms. For investigating purpose call history is very important once the mobile phone is not available for detail investigation. By analyzing all his sms it is very clear that the guy is talking with Adriana Weeks as he wanted to meet her, date with her. All his 17 sms to Adriana was about where she was, why she is avoiding him, will she meet him or not etc. Can social media applications be accessed and if so by whom and who has been posted to? At present, it is very easy to access the social networking site from the high end mobile phones. But from the available data it is hard to find what are the social sites he accessed from his mobile is. The detail of the sites or whatever he has posted in that social site is not accessible from the available bill details. Can the phone give any indication where the user might have physically been? Mobile phone tracking generally means to get the information about the current location of the mobile phone as well as the user of the phone. This locating process can be done with the help of multilateration of radio signals between the towers of the mobile network and mobile phone or with the help of GPS. To locate the mobile phone it is not necessary to make any call from the mobile, the only thing required is the mobile to catch any signal of the nearest tower. GSM or Global System for Mobile or is based on the strength of the signal of nearby antenna. Mobile positioning includes location based service which is used by the mobile phone companies to locate the position of the mobile phone and the user of the same. (BBC UK, 2005). According to the report published in BBC News (2005), if someone change the mobile number still the location can be traced. The tracking is generally done by two ways when any number is dialed from one mobile. The SIM card of the mobile sends its own unique IMSI number (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) which starts with the code number of the country from where user is belongs, then the network code and

Evaluation of a Website www.pbskids.org Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evaluation of a Website www.pbskids.org - Essay Example I am particularly attracted by the website www.pbskids.org. This website combines entertainment with education, and is very attractively designed. The main draw of the website is the great technical skill of its design, which facilitates its use by children. It is a great example of how learning can be made fun. By incorporating characters, such as Barney & Friends, Curious George, Sesame Street, and Thomas and Friends, into spelling, number and letter games, the website educates and entertains. The bright colors, and easily understandable links, are very child-friendly. With websites ranging from the institutional to the personal, it is essential to develop the skill of objectively evaluating a website. Obviously, a commercial website cannot serve as a source for academic purposes, and a website with links to a pharmaceutical firm cannot be cited for medical research. Several criteria, such as accuracy, authority, objectivity and currency, come into play in evaluating a website (Cor nell University Library, 1998). Evaluation of the website www.pbskids.org, based on the criteria of reliability of the source, the credentials of the author, and the information available, gives an accurate picture of the website. The reliability of the source is of paramount importance in evaluating a website. ... Virgin Islands, Guam and American Samoa. PBS reaches nearly 123 million television viewers and more than 21 million online visitors in a month. It is America’s largest public media enterprise. The organization’s mission statement clearly reflects its focus on education. It is a measure of the strength of its credentials that the website has a link to the home page of the PBS, where a detailed account of the organization, its mission statement, and terms of use are all clearly laid down. As the domain name is clearly preferred, the producer of the website is unequivocally stated, and the credentials of the organization are reliable, it may be accepted that www.pbskids.org is the product of a reliable source. The credentials of the author is the other strong criteria in the evaluation of a website. www.pbskids.org does not list any author. In this case, the absence of a single author is not relevant, as the domain name of the website indicates that the source is an organi zation. As the website is sponsored by an organization, and the credentials of this organization, PBS, are genuine, the authority of the website may be accepted. In the absence of an author, the credentials of the organization may be taken in its stead. PBS KIDS is the winner of several Daytime Emmy Awards and features on many reliable surveys, including Nielsen and Google Analytics. It is clear that PBS is a leading player in curriculum based media, and has the authority to deal with this content. The page gives a direct link to the home page of the organization, where detailed contact information, including e-mail id’s and telephone numbers, are provided. Again, it is evident that the organization is very transparent in stating the purpose and

The Importance of Water Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Water Essay Water is one of the most important molecules necessary to life. humans, for example, are made up of 70% water. Osmosis is a form of intracellular transport which is important in maintaining a correct balance of ions and substances between the blood and the inside of cells, for example. If the oncentration of an ion is too high outside a cell, water will br pulled out of the cell by osmosis in order to increase the water potential and thus retore balance. This is the case in ORT (oral rehydration therapy) which is used to treat diarrhea ocurring due to cholera for example. The ORT packs ontain salt and electrolytes which are transported into the epithelial cells after ingestion and thus lower the water potential of the cell by causing water to be pulled into the epithelial cells from the gut lumen, thus stopping diarrhoea. Diarrhoea is caused by an too high water potential in the lumen of the gut, often due to a movement of water by osmosis. In the case of lactose intolerance, when lactose is ingested it will not be broken down and continues along the gut, thus causing water to be pulled out of the cells and liquefying the stools (diarrhoea). Water is important in thermoregulation. When the thermoreceptors perceive an increase in temperature, a signal is sent to the heat loss centre in the hypothalamus which starts the heat loss mechanism such as vasodilatation, lowering of body hair, and sweating or pantinh. Sweating allows to lose heat by evaporation off the skin, or mucous membranes in the case of panting. If there is not enough water in the body, sweating cannot take place and thus normal core temperature cannot be restored to normal value, which may cause overheating. Water is also the main molecule present in the cohesion-tension theory. Water is pulled up from the soil by osmosis from the root hairs of a plant, due to a lower water potential inside the root hair cell. Higher up, the plant is transpiring through its stomata (the rate of transpiration increases as temperature or wind increases) which pulls water out. There is an unbroken column of water from the stomata down the xylem of the plant, all the way down to the root hairs of the plant, so when water is pulled out of the stomata it is also pulled up from the root hairs of the plant up the xylem. The reason for this is the cohesion of the water moleules caused by hydrogen bonding between the molecules. There is also tension between the inside walls of the xylem and the water column this is why the diameter of a tree is larger at night due to a smaller rate of transpiration thus less tension. Water is also responsible for maintaining the shape and turgidity of plant cells by making the cell membrane push against the cell wall. If there is not enough water in the cell, it will be plasmolysed and flaccid.

Mel Levines A Mind at a Time Essay example -- Cognitive Psychology Ch

Mel Levine's A Mind at a Time Mel Levine’s book, A Mind at a Time, describes many aspects of cognitive psychology and attempts to apply them to the educational system for young children. This book also makes suggestions for parents that have children with cognitive difficulties. The chapters in this book are designated to various aspects of cognitive psychology as they pertain to children. This paper focuses on chapter six in A Mind at a Time, which is titled â€Å"Making Arrangements: Our Spatial and Sequential Ordering Systems.† This is a very interesting chapter because it incorporates many aspects of cognitive psychology. In this chapter, Levine focuses on how children organize their world in terms of learning, thinking, and remembering. Levine states that children have two ways in which they organize the information they receive from the world around them. He refers to these methods as sequential ordering and spatial ordering. He defines spatial patterns as, â€Å"assembled parts that occupy space and settle on the doorsteps of our minds all at once† (Levine, p.151). Many examples are given of when spatial ordering is prevalent, for instance, when a student draws a map or recognizes the features of a person’s face. Levine defines sequential patterns as information gaining â€Å"admission to the minds one bit at a time and in an order that’s meant not to be missed† (Levine, p.151). He says that sequential ordering is used when students try to master a science project or learn a telephone number. Neurologically, Levine states that sequential ordering is carried out on the left side of the brain and spatial ordering is carried out on the right side of the brain. He also makes referen ces to the possibility of childr... ...e abnormalities in their ability to learn efficiently. Throughout the book he is very supportive. He offers parents many great strategies for dealing with the problems of their children. The book A Mind at a Time gives parents a way to learn about their child’s mind without a lot of technical terms. The main problem I see with this book is that it may lead parents to discover potential problems with their children at much too young an age. Levine’s most important error is that he does not mention the age at which the minds of children develop. I feel that this book could be helpful to many parents and harmful to others. Parents, as well as other readers, need to be cautious when reading this book. Works Cited: Levine, M. (2002), A Mind at a Time. New York: Simon & Schuster. Matlin, M.W. (2002). Cognition. (5th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.